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Three Generations of Distance Learning Pedagogy
Three Generations of Distance Learning Pedagogy
1. Cognitive Behaviourism
2. Constructivism
3. Connectivism
The 6 Factors that Reduce Cognitive Decline in Old Age and the 4 Factors that Predict Earlier-than-average Decline
Researchers have identified 6 risk factors that everyone should be aware of. The following variables reduce the risk of cognitive decline in old age according to Merriam, Gafarella & Baumgartner (2007, Learning in Adulthood, p. 371) absence of cardiovuscular and other chronic diseases living in favorable environmental circumstances substantial involvement in activities maintenance of high...
Bilingualism: Facts & Stats
Source: The Bilingual Family: A Handbook For Parents by Edith Harding & Philip Riley, 1999, CUP. Over half of the world’s population is bilingual. This fact is usually surprising to many Europeans, who are under the impression that living with two or more languages is exceptional. (p. 27) What matters and what doesn’t in second language acquisition? Singleton’s survey (1983...
Sources of Frustration for E-Learners
According to research, e-learners are likely to be frustrated by
technical difficulties
communication breakdowns
Source: Hara., N (2000). Student Distress In a Web-Based Distance Education Course.
How Long Should One Online Language Lesson Last?
To begin with, I am not aware of any reliable statistics. I can only draw on my personal experience and summarize a number of related Google search results. It is obvious, I hope, that it is impossible to spend more than 3 clock hours talking without a break. I guess that’s the maximum. As for the minimum, an online lesson can be as long as a regular phone call, i.e. it can last for as...
Techniques to Increase Memory & Stimulate Deep Cognitive Processes
According to MacLachlan (1986) сited by E. L. Criswell (1989, pp 36-39) the following instructional techniques can help the teacher teach and the student learn: Explaining the benefits of the lesson to the student before or at the beginning of the lesson. Memory is increased when the student is paying attention. That’s logical though sometimes easier said than done. The authors do not...
How Many Limited English Proficient (LEP) Learners are There?
According to the US department of Education, there were ca. 5,400,000 ESL students in the USA alone in 2006 and the number is increasing.
ESL or LEP students are US fastest-growing population and are expected to make up one out of every four students by 2025.
Reading From a Computer Display
Have got a copy of Eleanor L. Criswell’s Design of Computer-Based Instruction at last. Here are some important although slightly dated stats People read about 25 per cent faster from text pages than they do from computer displays (Gould et al, 1987, cited by E.L. Criswell 1989, p. 83) In the late 1980s that might have been the case, but now the computer display has evolved and the stats are...